Fitrana, also known as Zakat al-Fitr, is a mandatory charitable donation given by Muslims at the end of Ramadan, before the Eid ul-Fitr prayer. Here are all the details about Fitrana in Islam:

Meaning and Purpose:

1. Definition: Fitrana is derived from the Arabic word “fitr,” which means to break the fast. It is also known as Zakat al-Fitr, where Zakat refers to obligatory charity and Fitr denotes the end of Ramadan.
2. Purification of Fast: Fitrana serves as a means of purifying one’s fast and expiating any shortcomings or minor sins that may have occurred during Ramadan. It is obligatory for every Muslim, regardless of age or financial status.

Timing and Obligation:

1. End of Ramadan: Fitrana must be given before the Eid ul-Fitr prayer, which marks the end of Ramadan and the beginning of Shawwal, the following month in the Islamic lunar calendar.
2. Obligatory Charity: Fitrana is obligatory upon every Muslim, including adults, children, and even newborns. It is meant to ensure that everyone, regardless of their financial situation, can partake in the joyous celebrations of Eid.

Calculation and Amount:

1. Fixed Amount: The amount of Fitrana is fixed and is typically equivalent to the cost of staple food items, such as wheat, barley, dates, or raisins, as determined by the local economic conditions.
2. Per Person: Fitrana is calculated on a per-person basis, with each individual required to give their own contribution. In some cases, the head of the household may give Fitrana on behalf of their dependents.

Distribution and Usage:

1. Supporting the Needy: The primary purpose of Fitrana is to provide assistance to the less fortunate and needy members of the community, enabling them to celebrate Eid with dignity and joy.
2. Local Distribution: Fitrana is often distributed locally among those in need, including widows, orphans, the poor, and those facing financial hardship. Local mosques, charitable organizations, or community leaders facilitate the distribution of Fitrana to ensure it reaches those most in need.

Spiritual Significance:

1. Acts of Worship: Giving Fitrana is considered an act of worship and obedience to Allah, fulfilling one’s obligation to help those less fortunate and purifying one’s wealth and soul.
2. Expressing Gratitude: Fitrana is also a way for Muslims to express gratitude to Allah for the blessings of Ramadan and to seek forgiveness for any shortcomings in their fasting and worship during the holy month.

Conclusion:

Fitrana, or Zakat al-Fitr, is a mandatory charitable donation given by Muslims at the end of Ramadan to support the less fortunate and purify their fasts. It embodies the principles of compassion, generosity, and social responsibility in Islam, ensuring that all members of the community can share in the blessings of Eid ul-Fitr